Medium voltage variable frequency drives are high-consideration, high-cost assets that are becoming increasingly common in manufacturing processes. But when engineers are pricing equipment upgrades, a bottom-line approach can overlook cost-lowering benefits such as energy efficiency and process control. You have to know your TCO (total cost of ownership). In this white paper, we analyze which factors contribute to TCO, demonstrate how to calculate net present value (NPV), and explain the inverse relationship between reliability and TCO.